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Warmblood simply distinguishes this type of horse from the "cold bloods" (draft horses) and the "hot bloods" </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#009999" FACE="Arial" ><I>(</I></FONT><I>Thoroughbreds</I><I> and </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="breeds.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Breeds"><U><I><U>Arabs</U></I></U></A></FONT><A HREF="breeds.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Breeds"><U><I>)</I></U></A><I>. Sport horse refers to the intended use of the breed - as a competitive and recreational horse for the major international equestrian disciplines of dressage, jumping, 3-day event, and driving. </I></div> <bR> <div> <I>History of the Dutch Sport Horse </I></div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I>The modern Dutch Warmblood evolved from the two "native" Dutch breeds - the </I></FONT><I>Gelderlander</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I> and the </I></FONT><I>Groningen</I><I>. </I></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I>The </I></FONT><I>Gelderlander</I><I>,</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I> which evolved on the light sandy soils of central Holland was a stylish horse of medium stature, frequently chestnut with flashy white markings; while the </I></FONT><I>Groningen</I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I> evolved on the heavy clay soils of northern Holland into a larger and heavier horse, frequently black. <IMG SRC="6a974960.jpg" border=0 width="116" height="150" ALIGN="LEFT" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></I></FONT></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I>In the heyday of coaching in the 19th century, horses were imported to Europe from England - the Norfolk Trotter, the Yorkshire Coach, the </I></FONT><I>Cleveland Bay</I><I>, the </I><I>Hackney</I><I> </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I>- to be crossed on the native mares, becoming the ancestors of the moden sport horses of today's foremost horse-breeding countries and regions. As horse use grew to include more farm work, the breeding goal changed. The farm horses had to be all-round horses honest and tractable enough for plowing, yet stylish enough for carriage use and for riding. As farm mechanization progressed after World War II, the breeding goal was redir</I></FONT><I>ected toward producing pleasure sport horses. During this process of ‘modernization’, there was again considerable foreign influence from France, England (</I><I>Thoroughbreds</I><I>), and Germany (</I><I>Holsteiners</I><I> and </I><I>Trakehners</I><I>). </I></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <I><IMG SRC="6a76a960.jpg" border=0 width="106" height="150" ALIGN="RIGHT" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></I></div> <div> <I>Even today, the Dutch horses continue to be influenced by imported blood, but the special qualities (temperament, adaptability and soundness) which have made the Dutch Warmblood horse unique, continue to be treasured and cultivated. Although the word "breed" denotes to most English speaking horsemen a closed studbook (like that of the </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#0000FF" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="breeds.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Breeds"><U><I><U>Arabians</U></I></U></A></FONT><I> and </I><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#009999" FACE="Arial" ><I>Thoroughbreds</I><I>), </I></FONT><I>it has a different connotation in the European Warmblood breeding community. Breed refers to the "breeding area" as much as to the strict purity of the bloodlines. Each breeding area sets its own breeding goals and style of administration which, despite shared background and bloodlines, gives specific qualities and characteristics to its horses. </I></div> <div> <I>Today in Holland there are three distinct types of horses bred. </I></div> <div> <I>The most numerous and internationally important is the "Rijpaardtype" or Riding Horse Type a distinctly modern, elegant sport horse bred for athleticism, good character and soundness. International jumpers, dressage horses, combined driving, and vaulting horses are selected from this category. </I></div> <div> <FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#9900FF" FACE="Arial" ><I>In addition, there is the “Tuigpaardtype” or Show Driving Type - an extravagant, stylish, high stepping carriage horse which is shown rather like the American Fine Harness horse. These horses have mostly</I></FONT><I> </I><I>Gelderlander</I><I> blood, with an infusion of </I><I>Hackney</I><I>. </I></div> <div> <I>The third type is the "Basistype" or Basic type - a stylish all-round horse reminiscent of the earlier </I><I>Gelderlander</I><I>, useful for riding, driving, and farm work, and important for maintaining the gene pool of the old Gelderlanders that is still used in the breeding of the Riding and Show Driving types. </I></div> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <I><IMG SRC="6b172960.jpg" border=0 width="114" height="150" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></I></div> <div> <I>What is the modern Dutch horse?</I><I> </I></div> <div> <I>It is a remarkable sport horse which has made a meteoric rise to prominence in the international equestrian world in recent years. The Who's Who of international superstars includes names like Calypso, Next Milton, Big Ben, Ampere, Ommen, Zucarlos, Linky, Eastern Sunrise, Pascal, Ideaal and many more. </I></div> <div> <I>The success of the Dutch horse is no accident. The same characteristics and approach, which have made The Netherlands preeminent in agriculture and commerce, have been applied to their goal to breed the best sport horse in the world. </I></div> <div> <I>The Dutch breeding program and rigorous selection procedures coordinate to realize this goal. The Dutch horse is selectively bred for good conformation, good gaits, excellent character, performance ability, and soundness. </I></div> <bR> <div> <I> <TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="1" CELLSPACING="1" WIDTH="501" BORDERCOLORLIGHT="#C0C0C0" BORDERCOLORDARK="#808080" FRAME="VOID" RULES="NONE" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0" > <tR> <tD VALIGN=CENTER HEIGHT= 1753 WIDTH="497"><div> <I>Selection System</I></div> <div> <I>A rigorous selection system and continuous evaluation of breeding stock, as well as a high-tech research, statistical and records department bring the latest developments in science and technology to bear on the improvement of the Dutch Warmblood. In addition, the long horse-breeding history and agricultural heritage of the Dutch, bring generations of nearly inborn expertise to the production of top quality Dutch horses.</I></div> <div> <I>The main tools in the ongoing evolution and improvement of the Dutch Warmblood are the Keurings, or inspections, which are held in the Netherlands and in North America every year, at which horses are evaluated and rewarded according to their quality and fulfillment of the Breeding Goal. Unlike some warmblood registries, Dutch horses are not branded as foals based on the fact that they are "registered." Instead, in order to be branded with the proud Dutch lion, they must be presented for Studbook Inspection at the age of three or older. If they are of sufficient quality they are inscribed in the Studbook, and can be branded. <IMG SRC="6ad64640.gif" border=0 width="100" height="100" ALIGN="LEFT" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></I></div> <div> <I>The selection system includes a testing system for breeding stallions, one of the most selective and rigorous in the world. Dutch Warmblood stallions, even after being admitted to the studbook, must undergo a reevaluation each year to assess whether each one fits the picture of the continually developing breed. Only stallions demonstrating a decidedly positive effect on the breeding of the Dutch Warmblood come under consideration for the classification keur (choice). The highest classification is preferent (preferred), an honor awarded to famous stallions such as Amor, Doruto, Joost, Lucky Boy and Nimmerdor.</I></div> <div> <I>Mares must are also designated according to their contributions to the breed. The special predicates for mares include star for mares of especially good quality, keur for star mares who have produced a foal and that have demonstrated their ability in jumping and dressage in a performance test. Preferent is awarded for mares who have produced at least three foals considered superior in both conformation and gaits. A mare is awarded the honor of prestatie if three of her progeny are also top performers.</I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <I>Breed Organizations</I></div> <div> <I>The Royal Warmblood Studbook of the Netherlands (KWPN, Koninklijke Vereniging Warmbloed Paardenstamboek Nederland) is the registry and studbook for Dutch Warmblood Sport Horses, and has a history dating back to early in the last century. It deals with breeding goals and rules, inspection and evaluation, promotion, research and administrative matters for breeders of Dutch horses. Dutch horse breeders have been united for more than 100 years. King Willem III recognized the first studbook organization in 1887 and so laid the basis for regulated warmblood horse breeding in the Netherlands. The KWPN studbook originated in 1969 from a combination of various regional books and was granted the royal title (K) in 1988 by Queen Beatrix.</I></div> <div> <I>The North American Department, Royal Warmblood Studbook of the Netherlands was established in 1983 to promote the breeding and enjoyment of the Dutch Warmblood Horse in North America. The NA/WPN has been charged with two major responsibilities, first to preserve, promote and develop the Dutch Warmblood horse to the highest possible standard in North America, and second, to serve its subscribers and breeders through a continuing program of services. In 1997, the name of the NA/WPN was "Americanized" to The Dutch Warmblood Studbook in North America. </I></div> <bR> <DIV ALIGN="LEFT"></DIV> <div> <I><U>Links</U></I></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.kwpn.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.kwpn.nl"><U><I>kwpn</I></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="http://wwwarmbloods.com" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://wwwarmbloods.com"><U><I>World Wide Warmbloods</I></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="http://www.horses.nl" TARGET="_top" TITLE="http://www.horses.nl"><U><I>Horses of the Dutch</I></U></A></div> <bR> <div> <I>For More Information, Contact:</I></div> <div> <I>KWPN</I></div> <div> <I>(Royal Warmblood Studbook of the Netherlands)</I></div> <div> <I>Postbus 382</I></div> <div> <I>3700 AJ, Zeist, Holland</I></div> <div> <I>Tel: +31 30 6934600</I></div> <div> <I>Fax: +31 30 6931455</I></div> <div> <I>E-mail: info@kwpn.nl</I></div> <div> <I>Web Site: </I><I>http://www.kwpn.nl/</I></div> <bR> <div> <I>NA/WPN</I></div> <div> <I>(The Dutch Warmblood Studbook of North America)</I></div> <div> <I>P. O. Box 828</I></div> <div> <I>Winchester, OR 97495</I></div> <div> <I>Tel: (541) 672-8145</I></div> <div> <I>Fax: (541) 672-1721</I></div> <div> <I>E-mail: </I><I>nawpn@rosenet.net</I></div> <div> <I>Web Site: </I><I>http://www.nawpn.org</I></div> <bR> <div> <I>Information supplied by KWPN and NA/WPN. </I></div> <div> <I>Photographs by Jacob Melissen, Pesse, The Netherlands. </I></div> <div> <I>And  Topaz (S.Patrick)</I></div> <div> <I>Information Reference:</I></div> <div> <I>Hendricks, Bonnie L., ed. International Encyclopedia of Horse Breeds. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995.</I></div> <bR> </tD> </tR> </TABLE></I></div> <bR> <div> <A HREF="breeds.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Breeds"><U><I><B> <img src="HTMLobj-1695/aniGif.gif" border="0" align="bottom" width="67" height="35">  </B></I></U></A><I><B> </B></I><A HREF="mailto:info@equiriders.co.uk" TARGET="_top" TITLE="mailto:info@equiriders.co.uk"><U><I><B> <img src="HTMLobj-1696/aniGif.gif" border="0" align="bottom" width="67" height="35">  </B></I></U></A><I><B> </B></I><A HREF="home.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Equiriders"><U><I><B> <img src="HTMLobj-1697/aniGif.gif" border="0" align="bottom" width="67" height="35">  </B></I></U></A><I><B> </B></I><A HREF="links.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Links"><U><I><B> <img src="HTMLobj-1698/aniGif.gif" border="0" align="bottom" width="67" height="35">  </B></I></U></A></div> <div> <I>©  Copyright Equiriders 2001</I></div> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>