TEACHING EXAMPLE
The following is an example lesson taken from "Adult Learning Structure", compiled and edited by Elizabeth Mackenzie, and used by the Dyslexia Institute Scotland. Whilst some of the terms used will be unfamiliar to most people, it should give an indication of the teaching strategies adopted by the Institute. In this lesson, the pupil is asked to complete exercises which highlight the ways in which "j" phoneme is used (for instance, "jug" or "bridge") in different english words.
Lesson 13
Lesson Plan ("j") choices
1. Sequencing: Arc or "Qwerty keyboard" ASM: VSM:
2. Reading Pack: Add jug (j), cage (j) bridge (j) onto RP cards.
3. Reading: words sentences, poem with (j) choices.
4. Word Attack Skill: the (j) sound at the beginning of words is usually followed by the vowels e, i, y. The (j) sound at the end of the word is usually spelled ge or dge. dge always comes immediately after a short vowel sound.
5. Sorting Exercise at (j). Is it j, g, ge, or dge?
6. Spelling Pack: Add (j) j, g, ge, dge.
7. Spelling: words and sentences
1. One choice only,
2. All choices.
8. Extras: "age" on R.P. rage (aj) cabbage (ij)
on Sp. P. (ij) idge age
on Sp. P. (aj) age
9. Alk Vowel discrimination exercise 2: sound: ___seconds
sight: ___ seconds spell: ___ seconds
j is the first choice for the (j) sound at the beginning of words.
Write, filling in the missing j's
__olly __ack is __ust __igging like a __elly. He __umps and __ogs and ob__ects to his baggy __acket. He __okes and as a __est puts __am on __enny.
g is the second choice for the (j) sound at the beginning of words.
Auditory Discrimination Exercise (j)g
Listen for the (j) sound.
Listen to the vowel that comes immediately after it. (e, i)
What vowels do you not hear immediately after it? (a, o, u)
gem giant ginger gentle gelatine gelignite generous gypsies German giblets
Visual Discrimination Exercise (j) g
1. Track g saying (j)
aged gem gentle gender general danger
Hi-light g + vowel that comes after.
2. Track g saying (j)
ginger giant giraffe magic engine
hi-light g + vowel that comes after
3. Track g saying (j)
gym energy gypsy biology stodgy
Hi-light g + vowel that comes after
Put a ring round the words where the "g" says /j/
glove gender gentle guy gang genius grass gym grape giraffe gypsy gasp germ gent gash gas guest gyrate gin green guide gate giant glass grub
Read words at g saying (j)
gentle genius giant ginger gently genial gigantic engine gentleman George gyroscope engineer genuine geography region gesture geometry energy regiment general algebra biology register generally dingy original tragedy gypsy surgical
1. When we study geography we generally read about different regions of the world.
2. The secret agent escaped by using the emergency exit.
3. George the surgeon enjoyed the giblets in gelatine.
4. The German giant gently lifted the gypsy into a gem of a car and gave her some gin.
Dictation
1. It is amazing to see a giant in a cell eating iced ginger.
2. Do not put the gypsy in danger with your magic spells.
3. He lit a gigantic stick of gelignite.
4. George fell in the gorge and broke his neck.
(j) at the end of words is spelled "ge" or "dge"
Words at "ge"
age hinge barge range lunge bulge sage twinge large orange plunge indulge stage singe enlarge derange gunge page cringe charge disarrange rage engage
Divide into syllables
diverge oblige rearrange disgorge
Words at dge
badge edge midge dodge grudge badger ledge ridge lodge begrudge cadge pledge bridge splodge trudge gadget sledge Bridget dislodge sludge knowledge fidget judge cartridge misjudge judgement
Read
1. cage page stage huge rage bulge verge wage fringe merge page
2.I hope to get a huge rise in my wage packet.
3. The hinge on the cage door has a bulge.
4. In a rage, he plunges into the huge pool.
5.The large bridge by the city will take us to the lodge.
6. I like a stodgy fudge pudding in winter.
7. The big ship dredges the river at the edge.
8. Lets dodge the job of cutting the hedge.
On the Bridge
He stood on the bridge as dusk fell
Upsetting my sweet repose
For he was a large mosquito
And the bridge was the bridge of my nose
Anon.
Underline the words with a (j) sound
Arrange them:
__rge __nge __dge __age
When his big brother charged at him the little boy cringed and dodged out of the way. "I'll get you yet!" yelled the older one as he lunged forward again.
The younger one, standing with his back to the table, tried dodging away. The older one plunged into the front of the table. The large radio on top of the table was dislodged and plunging forward, struck the older boy on the head.
The little one, bandaging his brother's head, soon bandaged it all up. "I don't think I can bandage the damage to the radio," he said. "But we can say that a stranger, like our lodger, knocked it down!"
"What a good idea," said the older one. "But we don't have a lodger!"
Listen to a tape of the text. Fill in the spaces with the correct words. Do you spell them with "ge" or "dge"?
When his big brother _______ at him the little boy _________ and _________ out of the way. "I'll get you yet!" yelled the older one as he _______ forward again.
The younger one, standing with his back to the table, tried _________ away. The older one __________ into the front of the table. The ________ radio on top of the table was ____________ and ____________ forward, struck the older boy on the head.
The little one, _____________ his brother's head, soon ___________ it all up. "I don't think I can _____________ the _____________ to the radio," he said. "But we can say that a ______________, like our ___________, knocked it down."
"What a good idea," said the older one. "But we don't have a __________!"
The (j) sound is missing. Choose j, g, ge, dge.
1. My __ob is to banda___ the pi___on's leg and keep the __umbo free from __erms and mi____s.
2. __im the __erman __iant put a ma__ic spell on the _u___.
3. I don't expect you will want any more __in__er after that hu__ lunch.
4. The intelli__ent girl did not pass her al__ebra test.
5. __or__ __umped into the gor__ after setting fire to a __igantic stick of __elignite and was no longer in dan__er.
Add the suffix to "dge" and "ge" words
Remember, when adding a vowel suffix to base words ending in e, remove the e before adding the vowel suffix.
But a consonant suffix only needs to be added to base words.
huge + est =
wedge + ed =
fudge + ed =
page + s =
badge + s =
age + s =
rage + ing =
smudge + ing =
stage + ed =
merge + ing =
hedge + ing =
enlarge + ed =
Complete the sections
Think about the suffix rules.
Base word Suffix Rule Whole Word
strange er drop e stranger
charge ing
s add germs
lodge drop e lodger
age less
divulge add divulges
ness add gentleness
wage ing
imagine drop e imagining
cage ful cageful
ginger add gingerly
change ed
s oranges
engine s
drop e bulging
Noughts and Crosses at (ij)
br___ pack___ m____
lugg___ fr___ band___
r____ cott___ gar____
Remember: use idge in a one syllable word and age in a two or three syllable word.
For further exercises with ge and dge endings, try Walter Bramley's "Developing Literacy for Study and Work" pp 100-101. These include suffixes with ge and dge words.
